Your code is close but not enough information given. I have done some modifications to make sure the set-up is done correctly. I have also added dummy data as items to test.
You will need both the 'tkinter' and 'ttk' modules -
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
class ItemSearchApp:
    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title("Item Search Engine")
        
        self.treeview_almacen = ttk.Treeview(root, columns=("item_name"))
        self.treeview_almacen.heading("item_name", text="Item Name")
        self.treeview_almacen.pack()
        
        self.entry_buscador = ttk.Entry(root)
        self.entry_buscador.pack()
        
        
        self.entry_buscador.bind("<KeyRelease>", self.buscar)
        
        self.populate_treeview()
    def populate_treeview(self):
        
        items = ["Apple", "Banana", "Orange", "Pear", "Grapes", "Pineapple"]
        for item in items:
            self.treeview_almacen.insert("", "end", values=(item))
    def buscar(self, event):
        self.query = self.entry_buscador.get().lower()
        
        for item in self.treeview_almacen.get_children():
            values = self.treeview_almacen.item(item, "values")
            if self.query in values[0].lower():
                self.treeview_almacen.selection_set(item)  
                self.treeview_almacen.focus(item)  
                self.treeview_almacen.see(item)  
            else:
                self.treeview_almacen.selection_remove(item)  
root = tk.Tk()
app = ItemSearchApp(root)
root.mainloop()
And voila, this should work for you.